Many decisions need to be made before starting a project. The first is wood selection. Are you going to carve the wood? Then you should use a soft wood like pine or maybe a soft hardwood like some varieties of maple. Are you going to make a baseball bat? Then you need a hardwood like hickory or ash. If you want the project to have a glass like finish then you need a closed grain wood. If you use an open grained wood like oak which has a wide open grain, you will spend a lot of time trying to get that glass like finish. Not impossible to do; but it can turn into a nightmare! Like most projects, painting the house, remodeling, etc. planning ahead will save you hours of time and energy.
The next thing you should know about is buying material. You consider your project, decide on the type of material, and figure out the piece of material you will need. You figured out that if you bought a piece of wood 12 inches wide by 8 feet long you could get all the pieces you need to complete your project. Off you go to the lumber yard in search of your material. The first thing you discover at the lumber yard is there are no boards that measure 12 inches wide in any length. Unfortunately, finding a board that is 12 inches wide is rare. Next, you find out lumber is sold by the board foot. A board foot is 12 inches wide by 12 inches long by 1 inch thick. So, a board 12 inches wide by 8 feet long is 8 board feet. Because there are no boards 12 inches wide, how do you know the number of pieces you will need when you are selecting the material? Here is a good tip to use; if you find a board that is 4” wide and the next board is 8” wide stack them next to each other measure their length and you know approximately how many board feet you have. So if you have a board that is 4 inches wide and 8 feet long and you set a board next to it that is 8 inches wide x 8 feet long the two boards added together equal 8 board feet. This tip holds true even when you have one board at 3” wide, one at 2” wide and one at 8” wide. Even though the width adds up to 13” the next boards selected might only add up to 11”wide. If you try to figure it out exactly you are going to have a very long day
. This tip becomes real handy if you are buying a lot of material. The lumber yards use a tally stick to determine how many board feet you are buying. Running over to the yard guys to see how much lumber you have every few minutes is not a good idea. He has a lot of work to do; so babysitting you will not make him very happy. If you are buying lumber by the running foot it is a lot easier. Usually you will find price by the running foot on moldings, trim strips, or where the width of the boards is the same size in the whole stack. So, if the price is 99 cents a running foot and you buy 8 feet it is about 8 dollars. Ok, it is exactly $7.92; but the point we are trying to make here is buying wood is not exact. We can tell you why. The length of wood is random cut so most of the time your selection may be 8 feet 2 inches long or 7 feet 10 inches long rather that the perfect 8 feet. This also holds true for the width of the board. Also, you have to allow extra for machining and maybe a mistake or two. Now that you know how to buy the lumber you should also know what to look for in your selections. Unusable material is costly and usually ends up in a fireplace.
